一場(chǎng)精彩的演出，不僅對(duì)表演者有要求，對(duì)舞臺(tái)燈光音響設(shè)備也是有嚴(yán)格的控制和要求。很多人認(rèn)為舞臺(tái)音響就是音箱和調(diào)音臺(tái)。實(shí)際上，舞臺(tái)音響設(shè)備，需要有10個(gè)不同的設(shè)備來(lái)支撐整個(gè)舞臺(tái)音響系統(tǒng)，這才能將舞臺(tái)音響效果發(fā)揮到，下面來(lái)看看具體有什么設(shè)備：
A wonderful performance not only requires performers, but also strict control and requirements for stage lighting and sound equipment. Many people think that stage sound is a speaker and a mixer. In fact, professional stage sound equipment requires 10 different equipment to support the whole stage sound system, which can bring the stage sound effect to the extreme. Let's take a look at the specific equipment:
1、調(diào)音臺(tái)：具有多個(gè)信道輸入，每個(gè)信道的聲音可以進(jìn)行單獨(dú)的加工處理，并且擁有左、右聲道、混合、監(jiān)聽等的輸出的一種聲音混合設(shè)備。是音響師、錄音師和作曲家進(jìn)行音樂(lè)、聲音創(chuàng)作的重要設(shè)備。
1. Mixer: a sound mixing device with multiple channel inputs, each channel of sound can be processed separately, and has the output of left and right channels, mixing, monitoring, etc. It is an important equipment for sound engineers, recording engineers and composers to create music and sound.
2、功放器：將音頻電壓信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換成定額功率信號(hào)用于驅(qū)動(dòng)揚(yáng)聲器發(fā)聲的設(shè)備。
2. Power amplifier: a device that converts audio voltage signal into rated power signal to drive loudspeaker to produce sound.
3、分頻器：實(shí)現(xiàn)分頻的電路或裝置稱為分頻器。分頻器的種類有很多，根據(jù)其分頻信號(hào)的波形不同，有正弦分頻和脈沖分頻兩種。它的基本作用是，根據(jù)組合音箱的要求，將全頻帶聲頻信號(hào)分成不同的頻段，使揚(yáng)聲器單元得到合適頻帶的激勵(lì)信號(hào)，工作在狀態(tài)。
3. Frequency divider: the circuit or device to realize frequency division is called frequency divider. There are many kinds of frequency divider. According to the different waveforms of the frequency divider signal, there are two kinds of frequency divider: sinusoidal frequency divider and pulse frequency divider. Its basic function is to divide the whole frequency band audio signal into different frequency bands according to the requirements of the combination speaker, so that the speaker unit can get the excitation signal of the appropriate frequency band and work in the state of the sound.
4、混響器：在歌舞廳音響系統(tǒng)和大型舞臺(tái)燈光演唱會(huì)場(chǎng)里，非常重要的一個(gè)部分就是對(duì)人聲的混響處理。人的歌聲經(jīng)過(guò)混響處理后，可以產(chǎn)生一種電子音響的美感，使歌聲別具一番韻味。
4. Reverberator: in the sound system of song and dance hall and large stage lighting concert venue, a very important part is the reverberation processing of human voice. After reverberation processing, people's singing can produce a kind of aesthetic feeling of electronic sound, which makes the singing unique.
它可以對(duì)一些業(yè)余歌手嗓音中存在的某些缺陷，如沙啞、喉音和尖噪的聲帶雜音經(jīng)過(guò)混響處理進(jìn)行掩飾，使聲音不那么難聽。另外，混響聲還可以彌補(bǔ)業(yè)余歌手由于未經(jīng)過(guò)專門的發(fā)聲訓(xùn)練而產(chǎn)生的音色結(jié)構(gòu)中泛音不豐富的現(xiàn)象。這對(duì)舞臺(tái)燈光演唱會(huì)舉辦的效果非常重要。
It can cover up some defects in the voice of some amateur singers, such as hoarseness, throat and sharp vocal cord noise, so that the voice is not so bad. In addition, reverberation can make up for the lack of overtones in the timbre structure of amateur singers who have not received special vocal training. This is very important for the effect of stage lighting concert.
5、變調(diào)器：由于人們的嗓音條件各不相同，在演唱時(shí)對(duì)伴奏音樂(lè)的音調(diào)要求也各不一致，有的人希望低些，有的則需要高些。這樣，就要求伴奏音樂(lè)的音調(diào)應(yīng)適應(yīng)演唱者的要求，否則將會(huì)感到歌聲與伴奏很不和諧。如果使用伴奏帶則要求使用變調(diào)器進(jìn)行變調(diào)處理。
5. Tone changer: because people's voice conditions are different, they have different requirements for the tone of accompaniment music when singing. Some people want to be lower, while others need to be higher. In this way, the tone of accompaniment music should be adapted to the requirements of the singer, otherwise the singing and accompaniment will feel very discordant. If the accompaniment tape is used, it is required to use the tone changer to change the tone.
6、效果器：提供聲場(chǎng)效果，包括混響、延時(shí)、回聲和對(duì)聲音進(jìn)行特殊處理的音響設(shè)備。
6. Effector: sound equipment that provides sound field effects, including reverberation, delay, echo and special processing of sound.
7、壓限器：是壓縮器與限制器合并的統(tǒng)稱。
7. Pressure limiter: it is a general term for the combination of compressor and limiter.
8、均衡器：是對(duì)不同頻率進(jìn)行提升、衰減,調(diào)整低音、中音、高音比例的設(shè)備。
8. Equalizer: it is a device to enhance and attenuate different frequencies and adjust the proportion of bass, midrange and treble.
9、揚(yáng)聲器和音箱：揚(yáng)聲器是將電信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換成聲信號(hào)的器件。按原理區(qū)分有電動(dòng)式、電磁式、壓電陶瓷式靜電式和氣動(dòng)式。
9. Loudspeakers and speakers: loudspeakers are devices that convert electrical signals into acoustic signals. According to the principle, there are electric type, electromagnetic type, piezoelectric ceramic type, electrostatic type and pneumatic type.
音箱又稱揚(yáng)聲器箱，是把揚(yáng)聲器單元裝入箱體中的裝置，它不是發(fā)音部件，而是顯示和豐富低音的助聲部件。大體上可以分為三種：封閉式音箱、倒相式音箱、迷宮式音箱。
Speaker box, also known as speaker box, is a device to put the speaker unit into the box. It is not a sound component, but a sound aid component to display and enrich the bass. Generally speaking, it can be divided into three types: closed speaker, inverted speaker and labyrinth speaker.
兩路音箱
Two way speakers
10、話筒：話筒是將聲音轉(zhuǎn)換成電信號(hào)的一種電聲換能器件。是音響系統(tǒng)中種類多的一個(gè)單元，按其指向性來(lái)區(qū)分可分為無(wú)指向性(圓形)、指向性(心型、超心型)和強(qiáng)指向性，其中無(wú)指向性是專門為樂(lè)隊(duì)拾音使用的。指向性是用于語(yǔ)音、歌聲等音源拾音的。
10. Microphone: a microphone is an electroacoustic transducer that converts sound into electrical signals. According to its directivity, it can be divided into non directivity (circle), directivity (heart, super heart) and strong directivity. Non directivity is specially used for band pickup. Directivity is used to pick up voice, song and other sound sources.
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